Tag Archive for 'NGA'

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An observation on British broadband #1


Some key announcements have been made in the last couple of weeks or so and its worth considering what they may mean for in the UK – I don’t know why it took me so long but the conclusion is quite startling!

Firstly, we are seeing a host of new models and investment announcements which are making the final third – the most rural parts of the UK – a viable and exciting place to invest in -optic broadband – providing you have the logistics and business model sorted. Fujitsu, Rutland Telecom, NextGenUs and Jendens – jointly and severally – all making headway in their own distinctive way.

Secondly, BT has announced it expects to be lifting VDSL speeds using existing phone lines under its Infinity investment from “up to 40 Mbps” to northwards of “up to 80 Mbps” in the relatively short term. In their word – VDSL is a technology in its infancy and they expect to see considerable improvements as it matures. The combination of Fibre to the Cabinet (FttC) and VDSL is an architecture which really works best in more urban areas with diminishing returns as it tends towards more rural areas.

So the natural conclusion of these two shifts is that rural areas should become the place where fibre all the way to the doorstep dominates first – and urban areas will remain on copper for much longer but with services that keep in touch with their lucky bucolic friends.

Not something I expected to say out loud!

An observation on Ireland


At a conference this week I saw a slide which provided a league table of countries according to some measure of , and it showed Ireland as being some places ahead of the UK – albeit with both languishing in the lower ranks. Mmmm I thought – doesn’t really tally with my by experiences. When over in Dublin recently I managed to upset over a comment I made on Twitter – thankfully no super injunction in place so it went no further!

Eircom’s current adverts promote “next generation broadband” but when you look at the detail its “up to 8 Mbps” – Ireland’s next generation broadband is the same speed as the UK has had for quite a few years on the surface of it (except its a lot more expensive!). So how do Eircom justify the monika “next generation”?

Eircom have invested in their core network and to overcome congestion they’ve added traffic shaping and quality of service techniques – this is their “next generation”.

This got me thinking about how different people in different places and cultures view things. In Ireland Eircom is presenting a heavily shaped network as a bonus – as next generation – yet the same action in America would have called people onto the streets waving placards decrying the end of and the imposition on their human rights.

I’ve not seen what regime they’ve employed to reduce congestion – given its a finite pipe, if something is protected, something else must be squeezed so somebodies traffic isn’t as good as it once was. Whether this matters, technically, is unclear – its perfectly possible to demote email and ftp traffic, where response times are measured in minutes, to provide a better browsing and real-time experience, where response times are measured in milliseconds. But if they’ve unilaterally demoted Skype and VoIP to protect voice revenues then its bad – very bad – or demoted P2P simply because they’ve made the sweeping assumption that all peer-to-peer traffic is illegal music downloading then its stupid and bad.

Whether this matters ethically is a different matter. That Americans come onto the streets and the British grumble into their cornflakes (in our own reserved way that’s quit a statement!) suggests that at a minimum its deeply questionable. Moves towards transparency in the UK would mean that Eircom would at least have to make it clear were they delivering services in Britain – a move in the right direction at least – and perhaps Eircom should consider putting a clear statement on their adverts and website about the precise nature of their shaping – what works well and what is being degraded.

The motive behind Eircom’s move is the lack of investment they’ve been able to make in recent years – Eircom’s really is a sad case study in a privatisation process gone wrong. Hopefully things will begin to improve as they restructure under new ownership but there is a question about whether its too late – the effort they will need to put in to catch-up will be immense.

During my trip I also saw lots of white vans working behalf of UPC, the main operator in Ireland. They were everywhere, ripping out old, low-grade coax and installing what looked to me to be some of the highest gauge coax I’ve ever seen being installed for domestic TV. After many years of mediocre  services, Ireland is starting to see an investment which should put that behind them. Coax of that gauge means UPC appear to be taking few chances that any customer will experience anything other than the advertised broadband speed and over time I’d expect that to rise northwards of 100 Mbps – only a to the home (not cabinet or curb) infrastructure could compete (if Eircom were investing).

The implications of these two snapshots is intriguing. Could we soon see an incumbent telephone company relegated to the position of lowest-common denominator, catch-all service while the cable operator snaffles the premium top-spot? For UPC that can be nothing but good – lots of high-revenue, low cost customers in leafy Dublin 4 and beyond.

For Eircom that should be the warning they need – if the story is allowed to play out to its natural conclusion, they will be left with the high-cost, low revenue customers in the rural west of Ireland – the farms isolated at the far end of a grass-topped boreen. The loss of net neutrality isn’t a substitute for investment in the access network.

Why Sony needs the British


Sony’s well reported problems with the PlayStation Network are costing the company dear – but there is a solution to hand!

When the UK approached next generation it could never have been accused of rushing at it – we’ve taken our time, analysed every possibility and then thought about it a bit more. Something that has frustrated just about everyone but it sometimes feels like we’re just built that way.

The up-side of this is that we will be deploying one of the best thought out networks anywhere in the world, and one of the things that sets us aside is ALA – Active Line Access – the method of connecting service providers with customers.

How does this help Sony?

Today the Playstation Network is a network of people – at a technology layer its just a bunch of servers open to the public no different to any website. In an ALA world, the PSN could become a real network – a private tunnel between Sony’s servers in Sony’s data-centres and gamers across the UK.

  • It would no longer be open to the public internet so less hackable
  • It could be quality assured – latency and jitter controlled – making game play seamless and trouble-free while solving any worries
  • DRM type issues would be privately managed without getting in the way of customers enjoyment.

In an ALA world, Internet Service Providers are arguably the least interesting of a range of possible parallel service providers – providers of health, education, media and gaming – in fact, the only limit is our imagination.

So Sony could do a lot worse than talk to British network strategists – we may be little slower to act than some but we’re very good!

By the way – the same advice is offered to Google, Spotify, Last.fm, Skype, Amazon and its cloud, Xbox Live, . . . . .

Why waiting to bid for BDUK may be the smartest option . . .


. . . at least until after the 9th of May.

This advice is probably too late for some local authorities so apologies for the unhelpful suggestion to those who’ve sweat blood in the last few weeks and put together a submission to BDUK already. But if there’s any doubt in your mind that your bid isn’t quite what it might be then take my advice, submit an Expression of Interest and delay.

made it quite clear at Peter Aldous’ Suffolk event last week – the money doesn’t run out next week – there is funding available for many more bids after next week’s closing date – and its far more important to get it right than get it early.

Why delay? In recent weeks there have been a number of significant announcements and movements in the broadband landscape that need to be carefully considered, and which could have a fundamental impact on your bid.

Up until the last week or so much of the discussion surrounding many local authority bids has focussed on (PSNs), regional backbones and digital village pumps. This was always only half of the story – a very important half but never enough to make a successful bid to BDUK.

The really hard bit is the access strategy – how do you get from the village pump to homes and businesses?

Strategies which simply delegate this responsibility to a locally unaccountable multinational is at best a fairly risky option, especially when we are in a new world of  and the .

Wishing to hand over responsibility for the access strategy is understandable – its complex and costly, a long way outside most people’s core competence. These are the holy trinity of criteria traditionally used for outsourcing. And certainly these are very good reasons why most if not all local authorities should not be attempting the access network themselves but the traditional options aren’t necessarily the only ones on offer.

There isn’t a business case for a top down deployment of next generation broadband for good reasons – and its not just about cash. Its certainly true that its very expensive to put in the ground, regardless of how deep into the access network it reaches, but that isn’t the only, or even perhaps the biggest, reason a top down approach doesn’t work.

The demography and landscape of the UK varies tremendously; the desires, aspirations and capabilities of the UK’s communities vary tremendously. These factors naturally suggest more than one technical solution and more than one investment profile. A traditional top-down telecoms model only works where a common solution can be applied to the widest possible population. So delegating the access strategy to company offering a traditional approach is likely to result in a lowest common factor solution rather than an optimal solution which unlocks the more ambitious in your economy.

Three good reasons are emerging which mean there are now alternatives and mean you should delay bidding to BDUK.

The most obvious perhaps has been Fujitsu’s announcement that it intends to build a fibre to the home (not cabinet) solution to 5m homes and businesses in rural areas. Their press release suggested this was not just a traditional top-down steam-roller deployment:

“The collaboration will actively support the involvement of local broadband groups, enabling dynamic and flexible solutions in rural communities for the first time”

At the moment it isn’t clear what that involvement will mean but the approach so far  has been much more inclusive than other major announcements by the industry – something anyone developing a BDUK bid needs to at least contemplate.

Secondly, the Big Society Broadband partnership’s knowledge-base, offering advice on how to approach rural broadband, will soon be published. Work put together by a wide array of experts including INCA, the Plunkett Foundation and ACRE. Plunkett’s experience of sustainable rural enterprise is being joined by ACRE’s network of rural community councils and the collective knowledge of INCA members’ of delivering .

And finally, but certainly not least, city institution Jendens, have been beavering away behind the scenes for some months looking at scalable models which the City can be comfortable investing in while delivering that rich tapestry of local solutions.

While they may not be a name your have heard of, their knowledge of franchise structures, large-scale investment, and the telecoms industry makes their announcement very significant, bringing a fresh and exciting new approach to solving the final third problem. Their approach cracks the knotty problem of  how marry top-down and community-up approaches into a nationally deliverable, sustainable, and flexible model.

Jenden’s have released a document which describes their approach of enabling local authorities to create a menu of options for their county, allowing each community to enjoy a broadband solution that closely reflects their needs, capabilities and aspirations; the franchise structure can then attract local and national investment, and match the right organisation to build and operate the network in partnership with the local authority and community. The commonality of the franchise model makes it scalable and attractive to external investors and the service provider market while the flexibility of local franchise companies ensures solutions support local conditions.

The franchise model and the Big Society Broadband partnership’s approach have a lot in common, and together offer a new perspective on delivering a county-wide access strategy. This and Fujitsu’s announcement mean that if you have any doubts about your bid to BDUK then delay.

Jenden’s are co-hosting an event with INCA and the Big Society Broadband partnership on the 9th May in London

If you’re directly involved in developing your BDUK bid, click here to reserve your place.

The broadband landscape just got a lot more exciting!

Homework: read the ALA documents


I received an email this week from the NICC’s Ethernet Working Group with links to the finalised Active Line Access (ALA) document. This is very exciting for all sorts of reasons.

ALA is the industry agreed model designed specifically for the next generation world, and at any number of levels it fundamentally changes the way will work in the the UK.

The documents are not an easy read (this is, after all, a set of engineering standards designed to be implemented by engineers) but its impact should be understood by everyone who has an opinion on the future shape of broadband, the or .

I attended some of the early meetings as an observer and because, like any opinionated techy, I wanted to help shape some of the early aspects. The Ethernet Working Group under Chris Gallon’s chairmanship is something of a technical dream team – they are the deeply technical architects and engineers from the major vendors and key network operators tasked with working out how their organisations can interoperate.

The work they have done is undoubtedly impressive – they have taken diverse standards from the Broadband Forum, the Metro Ethernet Forum and other standards bodies from around the world and carefully and creatively sewn them together into a single framework which unlocks the potential of next generation broadband across a wide range or network architectures and technologies.

Whether you opt for , point to point ethernet or VDSL from a cabinet, ALA works and can hand over a connection in a seamless and universally consistent way to a service provider. And I see few reasons why it wouldn’t also work for many wireless technologies based around Ethernet and supporting VLAN’s.

Now this brilliant piece of work is published, we have a duty to understand what is possible and to start to consider what is desirable. It is no longer reasonable to opine on net neutrality or the future of the internet without properly appreciating the impact of this work.

If you are a , commercial organisation or public body thinking of building a network under the framework you will need to be open access – by law – and that means you need to understand ALA – no if, no buts.

So before you say another word on any of this, and you are of a technical bent, your homework is to read it!

If you aren’t technical, turn to your favourite geek and do them a favour – tell them to read it and explain what its all about.

The documents are published on the NICCs website:

Visualising NGA broadband


I was recently drawn to the Ordinance Survey’s blog where they had tweeted on image they had received which visualised the postcodes of Great Britain is a rather artistic way. Wondering if this approach was easy to replicate and if other data could be used I had a little play with the DCLG model I’ve used before to see if it was possible to create a short animated sequence which could show the spread of faster .

NGA broadband growth

Click on the image to see it run – it loops back at the end to highlight the gulf between where we’re starting from to where we need to get to.

Its not as polished as the OS image but I think it kind of works. The DCLG data is modelled on the ONS’s super output areas, so I resolved them to postcode level to give more points of light, and the colour simply matches the model’s traffic lights.

At the moment the image only covers England and Wales – Scotland and Northern Ireland have their own statistical output area systems which individually need resolving to postcode level. If I get a quite moment I’ll run additional areas to make the map complete.

People, politics and technology


MIT recently published a fascinating piece of research, looking at how social interactions can help to define regions based on a massive sample of land-line telephone calls across Great Britain . They used the anonymised information on the 12 billions phone calls made in Britain in a typical month to see if there were any patterns which could describe natural regions based on human interactions. The results are quire extraordinary!

A quick glance at the resulting maps will tell you that Scots only really talk to other Scots (left-most map below), similarly Londoners but to a lesser extent. The rest of the country tells a rather different story, challenging some of our traditional assumptions about .

Three iterations of partitioning

The right-hand map shows an optimised partitioning of the call data, showing that, for example, Welsh people fall into three regions, only one of  which is solely in Wales. North Wales communicates most strongly with Manchester and the southern part of what we normally associate with the North West; while Mid-Wales links most naturally with the West Midlands. A fair conclusion from this is that if the UK were to be fully devolved, it would make little difference to the day to day communications of the Scottish population, but it would have a profound impact on the Welsh population.

The Yorkshire-Lancashire rivalry also takes a bit of a knock, with West Yorkshire more likely to communicate with the people of Lancashire than their White Rose brethren; and the more rural Cumbrians are perhaps a mini region of their own.

In checking the validity of their approach, the researches aggregated a number of alternative partitioning models, and this generated additional insight into regional identity.

NUTS regions overlaid on the aggregated partitioning models To the west of London the team identified what they consider to be a new region in the making – a Western Crescent formed of , Berkshire and Buckinghamshire. This is the heart of England’s high-tech industries with the Silicon Corridor along the M4 and ’s Science Vale with Oxford University and Harwell. What it interesting is the ambiguity of the areas communication patterns – rather than having a very clear and arguably insular regional identity, this Western Crescent is something of a communications hub, reaching out to much of central England.

Why is this important?

The traditional regional boundaries being largely consigned to civic roles with political and economic control being passed to new Local Enterprise Partnerships. What these maps suggest is that the regional identities were already being challenged and that perhaps the more fluid LEP structure would be more able to mould itself to our day to day lives. While the South England region, which spanned Kent and Oxfordshire, meant very little to anyone except central Government, an Oxfordshire LEP able to partner with a Thames Valley LEP may be more successful.

And from my own personal perspective such an approach also means its possible to map telecommunications networks to human interactions. The formative signs of a new high-technology region around Oxfordshire sure deserves a commensurate infrastructure? And its role as a natural communications hub surely makes it the place to start building the future? The research should also have a big impact on Cumbria’s “vanguard”, and ought to shape Herefordshire’s thinking as they develop their pilot.

As I start to work with the new Oxfordshire LEP on their approach to broadband I’m sure this research will become something we refer back to.

Time well spent looking down the drain


I’ve just had one of those days you feel good about.

So often I tend to get involved in projects at the very beginning and my work is done before a single spade breaks earth – in some cases its been as long as three or four years between my involvement and anybody actually receiving a service.

However, there are now several projects live today, in very different locations and run by very different people, which I’ve been lucky enough to have some hand in at the very beginning. So today it was great to spend the morning in with the guys at to see how they’re getting on.

It was back in 2008 when I spent some time with a group of maverick entrepreneurs trying to work out what was the best passive architecture when delivering fibre across a city using as much of the sewers as possible. I learnt more about sewers in those few weeks then I ever thought possible but at the end of it we came up with what seemed like a pragmatic but potentially blistering open access solution.

In an ideal world everyone would have liked to deliver an ultimately flexible point to point fibre solution which could support either  with the splitters in the POP or Ethernet or both but the size of permitted in the sewers meant that it had to be PON. However we worked the topology of the sewers to minimise the splits to make sure today’s equipment would deliver a 100Mbps symmetrical service with no contention in the access network so it could match anything a point-to-point Ethernet could deliver – more splitters could be added in the PoP to keep port costs down if needed but the lower splits could be used to deliver the fastest services possible should the need arise.

Two and half years later they have now passed 21,000 homes and the first real customers are starting to benefit from the work put in back then. Seeing the network in action it was great to see the early work really paid off. The 100 Mbps really was a 100 Mbps, except they have the optional burst turned on which meant they were demonstrating 1 Gbps – and there was no doubt it was 1 Gbps. HD movie files were downloading in seconds and speed-tests were heading off the scale.

There is no doubt that Fibrecity are mavericks – but its entrepreneurial mavericks that are needed just now if we are to break the mould. They are in the process of restructuring the company to bring the UK networks more in line with their international projects. I wish them all the very best of luck with that!

And when you see ads or articles telling you some 50/100/200Mbps service is the fastest in the UK, remember, the UK already has Gigabit out there – I know I’ve seen it!

Nextgen neutrality moves the debate forward


The social media channels have been abuzz with debate about and the comments of , the Minister for Communications and Creative Industries. His view that trying to prevent service providers from tinkering with traffic maybe akin to King Canute has more than a little merit. A cursory read of Samknows own report into the quality of (rather than the Ofcom report based on the same data) begins to shed light on the range and depth of techniques service providers use to manage their customer’s use.

Being a supporter of the principal of a neutral and accepting that it may be very difficult to achieve are not necessarily mutually exclusive positions – in fact its probably realistic rather than idealistic.

I would go further – trying to create rules which require regulating the configuration of commercial companies complex networks is probably futile. No sooner would a rule be made than a clever ploy found to subvert it. A real world example of the Queen of Hearts – running ever faster just to stand still.

Far better is to shape the commercial landscape such that its not profitable to mess around with customers online experience – or to only do it in support of the customer. And its this that the UK is doing.

Led by Ofcom and adopted by the industry through the NICC, the UK’s next generation connectivity models will create a broadband market which should lead to a market where customers have choices and service providers will need to compete in a more open manner.

The UK has paved that way to shift net neutrality to a more nuanced and mature level through industry standards.

The Active Line Access (ALA) standard adopted by industry requires next generation network owners to provide multiple virtual networks to each home and business – only one of which is likely to be an ISP.

ALA - not over the top

While today if a content company isn’t happy about their treatment by ISP’s there’s little they can do about it but on UK , they have the option to take one of the additional virtual networks to deliver their service directly to customers “around the side” rather than “over the top” of the ISP.

When she was at Ofcom, Chi Onwurah championed this, and I was more than happy to support her efforts as the NICC started to formalise the ALA standard. The now member of parliament for Central Newcastle, I think saw this as a way of delivering healthcare and government services (which it is and Martha Lane-Fox would do well to understand the importance of that) but it also means if Google don’t like the way Youtube is treated they could launch a service to deliver it through a VLAN which doesn’t go anywhere near a best endeavours internet service. Similarly for games companies, TV aggregators like Project Canvas/Youview, and so on.

Such commercial pressure, where ISPs can no longer monopolise customers’ access to the online world, should start to encourage them to be more supportive of customers choices or risk losing the rich media customers value. If valued content begins find alternative routes to customers’ screens, ISPs will be reduced to mere resellers of other people’s transit – the catch all service for the less used and less valued content.

As the Exchange moves closer to our go live data, we’re at pains to make sure this feature is built into from day one – there is already interest from games companies and we are developing relationships with healthcare companies. In the UK, through us at least, the term Service Provider won’t necessarily be simply synonymous with Internet Service Provider.

The pilots would be a lot more interesting (not that they’re not already very interesting) if other Government departments would commit to piloting services over the projects. The NHS should be planning to pilot healthcare over a virtual network connected to the NHS network so the elderly or chronically ill could stay in their homes longer, or the Department of Education planning to offer virtual networks to children on free school meals in the pilot areas so all children have access to the learning platform at home (this reaches a significant part of the 30% Martha Lane-Fox it trying to address while looking to save money on service delivery).

By Government demonstrating leadership in this, it could light the way for private sector companies to launch their own services, pioneering a UK market where net neutrality is encouraged by commercial realities rather than blunt regulation.

JON heading for launch


Tomorrow is a pretty big day – after what seems like aeons the Joint Open Network concept is taking a big step towards reality as the JON Exchange launches at an event in London.

With a good line up of speakers headlined by , the Minister for Communications, and including &Wireless Worldwide, Alcatel-Lucent and Talktalk, the event was quickly over subscribed so we’re already looking to host a follow-up event and have taken the opportunity to speak at the NexGen10 conference in a couple of weeks.

With some key appointments being announced tomorrow and our fairly aggressive time-line towards live dates in the UK and key markets across Europe, it looks like the coming months will be pretty busy.

Thankfully we’re putting together a great team and have some really good support from industry partners – more on that tomorrow!

Exciting times!!



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